How many floors below the fire floor should fire attack groups typically survey to determine the floor layout?

In fire suppression operations, it is crucial for fire attack groups to assess the environment and layout of a building thoroughly to ensure safety and efficiency during firefighting efforts. The rationale behind surveying two floors below the fire floor is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the building’s layout, particularly regarding structural conditions, potential fire spread, trapped occupants, and access points.

Surveying two floors below allows firefighters to identify stairwells, elevators, and any obstructions that may exist, as well as to gather important information about fire behavior and smoke conditions. It also facilitates better situational awareness for the firefighting team, particularly in high-rise structures where vertical communication and visibility can be severely affected by smoke and fire.

The approach of examining two floors below the fire floor has been adopted based on best practices in firefighting strategies, taking into account the dynamics of heat and smoke propagation, as well as the possibility of encountering victims or areas of high fire activity during the descent. This strategic assessment aids in coordinated firefighting efforts, enhancing overall incident management and safety for both firefighters and civilians.